What are the two types of universal testing machines?

1. Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine (HUTM):

Hydraulic UTMs use hydraulic power to apply and control the load during testing. They typically consist of a hydraulic actuator that applies a force to the specimen, a load cell to measure the applied force, and a hydraulic system to control the application and release of the load. Hydraulic UTMs are known for their high load capacity, ability to test a wide range of materials, and precise control over loading rates and forces. They are commonly used for testing metals, concrete, plastics, and other high-strength materials.

 

2. Electromechanical Universal Testing Machine (EUTM):

Electromechanical UTMs employ an electric motor and a ball screw mechanism to apply the load during testing. They consist of a motor-driven actuator, load cells to measure the force, and a control system to manage the load application. EUTMs offer excellent precision and control over the test parameters and loading rates. They are commonly used for testing materials such as plastics, textiles, rubber, and composites. EUTMs are generally less expensive than hydraulic UTMs and have a lower load capacity but are suitable for a wide range of applications.

 

These two types of UTMs provide versatile and reliable testing capabilities for evaluating the mechanical properties of materials, including tensile strength, compression strength, bending strength, and more. The choice between hydraulic and electromechanical UTMs depends on the specific requirements of the testing application, such as the material type, load capacity, testing speed, and accuracy needed.