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What is the standard of textile testing?
2023/10/24
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Textile testing plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality, performance, and compliance of textile products. Various standards have been established to guide and regulate textile testing processes. These standards provide guidelines for testing methods, equipment, and procedures to ensure accurate and reliable results. In this response, I will provide an overview of the main standards related to textile testing.
1. ISO (International Organization for Standardization):
The ISO develops and publishes a wide range of international standards, including those specific to textile testing. Some of the key ISO standards related to textile testing are:
- ISO 139: This standard specifies general principles for determining the properties of textiles using standardized test methods. It includes guidance on sampling, conditioning, and performance evaluation of textiles.
- ISO 138: This standard provides general guidance on the drafting and use of standardized tests for textiles.
- ISO 105: This series of standards covers various aspects of colorfastness testing, including colorfastness to light, washing, water, perspiration, and more.
- ISO 3070: This standard outlines the procedures for determining the twist of yarns.
- ISO 12945: This series of standards covers various aspects of fabric mechanical testing, including fabric strength, abrasion resistance, bursting strength, and more.
These ISO standards aim to ensure consistency and comparability of textile testing results worldwide.
2. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials):
ASTM International develops and publishes voluntary consensus standards for a wide range of materials, including textiles. Some key ASTM standards related to textile testing include:
- ASTM D123: This standard provides guidelines for sampling textiles and textile products.
- ASTM D6193: This standard specifies the test method for determination of the fineness of textile fibers using testing instruments such as the airflow method.
- ASTM D1424: This standard covers the determination of the length and length distribution of staple fibers.
- ASTM D3776: This standard specifies the test method for the mass per unit area of textile fabrics.
- ASTM D5034: This standard covers the measurement of the breaking strength and elongation of textile fabrics using a grab test method.
ASTM standards are widely used in the United States and are recognized globally.
3. AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists):
The AATCC develops and publishes test methods and evaluation procedures for textiles. Several key AATCC standards include:
- AATCC 8: This standard covers the colorfastness to Crocking (wet and dry rubbing) of colored textiles.
- AATCC 16: This standard provides the test procedure for colorfastness to light in textiles.
- AATCC 127: This standard covers the test method for colorfastness to water in textiles.
- AATCC 135: This standard specifies the test method for colorfastness to rubbing of textile materials.
- AATCC 16.3: This standard outlines the test method for accelerated lightfastness of colored textiles.
AATCC standards focus on various aspects of textile performance, colorfastness, and durability.
4. BS (British Standards):
The British Standards Institution (BSI) develops and publishes standards applicable to textiles. Some key British Standards related to textile testing include:
- BS EN ISO 105: This series of standards covers various aspects of colorfastness testing, similarly to the ISO 105 series.
- BS EN ISO 12945: This series of standards covers various aspects of fabric mechanical testing, similarly to the ISO 12945 series.
- BS EN ISO 139: This standard provides general guidance on standardized tests for textiles, similarly to the ISO 139 standard.
British Standards are frequently used in the United Kingdom and are recognized globally.
5. GB (Chinese National Standards):
The Chinese National Standards, known as GB or GB/T, cover a wide range of industries, including textiles. Some key GB standards related to textile testing include:
- GB/T 5713: This standard specifies the test method for colorfastness to perspiration in textiles.
- GB/T 3921: This standard covers the test method for colorfastness to rubbing in textiles.
- GB/T 3922: This standard specifies the test method for colorfastness to light in textiles.
- GB/T 29862: This standard provides the test method for pilling resistance and pilling appearance of textile fabrics.
Chinese National Standards have widespread use in China and are specific to the country's regulations and requirements.
6. JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards):
The Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) cover various industries, including textiles. Some key JIS standards related to textile testing include:
- JIS L 0823: This standard specifies the test method for colorfastness to water in textiles.
- JIS L 0840: This standard covers the test method for colorfastness to perspiration in textiles.
- JIS L 1056: This standard specifies the test method for colorfastness to rubbing in textiles.
- JIS L 1096: This standard provides the test method for the combustion behavior of textiles.
JIS standards are commonly used in Japan and recognized within the country.
It is important to note that these standards mentioned above represent only a fraction of the numerous standards available for textile testing. Other organizations, such as DIN (Deutsche Industrie Normen) in Germany and SIS (Swedish Standards Institute) in Sweden, also develop relevant standards.
When conducting textile testing, it is essential to refer to the appropriate standard for the specific test being performed. Following the standard guidelines ensures consistency, accuracy, and comparability of test results.
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