Air Permeability of Fabric and Its Measurement

 

Air permeability refers to the ability of gases (usually air) to be exchanged between the inside and outside of a textile. Good breathability helps to regulate body temperature and humidity and provides a comfortable wearing sensation. The breathability of a textile is affected by the following factors:

 

1. Fabric structure:
The yarn density of the fabric, the thickness of the yarn, the spinning method and the way the fabric is spun all affect the breathability of the fabric. Generally speaking, an open fabric structure (e.g. mesh structure) will have better breathability.

 

2. Fiber properties:
Different fiber materials have different breathability properties. For example, natural fibers such as cotton and hemp have good breathability, while synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon are poor.

 

3. Textile treatment:
Some textiles after special treatment, such as processing coating, membrane treatment, etc., can change its breathability.

 

4. Thickness of textiles:
Generally speaking, thinner textiles usually have better air permeability.

 

5. the wet state of the textile:
Wet textile will affect the ability of air through the textile, therefore, the measurement of air permeability is usually carried out in a dry state.

 

There are various methods to measure the air permeability of textiles, and the following are a few commonly used methods:

 

1. Air Permeability Method (Air Permeability Method):
This is a commonly used method of measuring the air permeability of fabrics. It evaluates the air permeability of a fabric by measuring the volume flow of air through the fabric per unit area. Commonly used instruments include Shirley Air Permeability Meter and FX Series Air Permeability Meter. 2.

 

2. Wet Cup Method:
This method is commonly used to measure the air permeability of waterproof fabrics. It evaluates the air permeability of fabrics by measuring the transmission of moisture in the fabric. Commonly used instruments include wet cup meter.

 

3. Human Body Simulation Method (Sweating Guarded-Hotplate Method):
This method simulates the perspiration of the human body during exercise and evaluates the breathability of fabrics by measuring the transfer of moisture from the fabric. Commonly used instruments include body simulators and hotplates. 

 

4. Water Vapor Transmission Method:
This method evaluates the breathability of fabrics by measuring the transmission of water vapor through the fabric. Commonly used instruments include water vapor transmission meters.

 

Each of these methods has its own characteristics and is suitable for different types of fabrics and different air permeability requirements. In practical applications, the appropriate measurement method can be selected according to the needs.

 

Summarize:

The permeability of fabric refers to the ability of gas exchange inside and outside the fabric, which is subject to the fabric structure, the permeability of fiber fabrics and its measurement methods

 

Breathability is the ability to exchange gases inside and outside the fabric, and it is crucial for the comfort and functionality of textiles. The following will introduce the definition of fabric breathability, influencing factors and common measurement methods.

 

 

Air permeability is the ability of a gas to pass through the surface of a fabric or inside the fabric. Good air permeability makes the fabric able to regulate body temperature, eliminate moisture and provide a comfortable wearing feeling. The following are the factors affecting the breathability of fabrics:

 

1. Textile structure:
The fabric's yarn density, yarn thickness, fabric thickness, and fabric structure all affect breathability. The more open fabric structure (such as mesh structure) usually has better breathability.

 

2. Fiber materials:
Different fiber materials have different breathability properties. Natural fibers such as cotton and hemp usually have good breathability, while synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon have poor breathability.

 

3. textile treatment:
Textiles undergo special treatment, such as coating, film treatment, etc., may change its air permeability.

 

4. Textile wet state: the degree of wetness of the textile has an effect on the breathability performance. Wet textile will hinder the passage of gas, so the measurement of air permeability is usually carried out in a dry state.

 

 

1. Air Permeability Method (Air Permeability Method):
This is a commonly used method to measure the air permeability of fabrics. It evaluates air permeability by measuring the volume flow of air through the fabric per unit area. Commonly used instruments include Shirley air permeability meter and FX series air permeability meter. 2.

 

2. Wet Cup Method:
This method is commonly used to measure the air permeability of waterproof fabrics. It evaluates the air permeability by measuring the transmission of moisture in the fabric. Commonly used instruments include the Wet Cup Method.

 

3. Human Body Simulation Method (Sweating Guarded-Hotplate Method):
This method simulates the perspiration of the human body during exercise and evaluates breathability by measuring the transfer of moisture from the fabric. Commonly used instruments include body simulators and hotplates. 

 

4. Water Vapor Transmission Method (Water Vapor Transmission Method):
This method evaluates breathability by measuring the transmission of water vapor through the fabric. Commonly used instruments include water vapor transmission meters.

 

Each of these methods has its own characteristics and is applicable to different types of fabrics and air permeability requirements. In practical application, the appropriate measurement method can be selected according to the need.

 

In summary, air permeability is the ability of fabrics to exchange gases inside and outside, and is affected by factors such as fabric structure, fiber material, and treatment. Commonly used air permeability measurement methods include air infiltration method, moisture permeability method, human body simulation method and water vapor transmission method. By evaluating the air permeability of fabrics, it is possible to select suitable spinning