What are the two types of tensile testing machines?

 

Hydraulic testing machines use hydraulic actuators to apply a load, and are typically used for very high force applications or for testing materials that are too strong or tough for a universal testing machine to handle.

 

 

1. Universal Testing Machine (UTM): This type of machine is versatile and can perform various mechanical tests, including tensile, compression, flexural, and shear tests. It consists of a load cell, grips to hold the specimen, and a crosshead that moves at a constant speed to apply tension or compression to the specimen. UTMs are widely used in material testing laboratories and manufacturing industries.

 

2. Tensile Testing Machine for Polymer and Composite Materials: These machines are specifically designed to test the tensile properties of polymers, plastics, rubber, and composite materials. They often include specialized grips and fixtures to accommodate the unique characteristics of these materials, such as non-linear deformation behavior and low stiffness.

 

These testing machines play a crucial role in evaluating the mechanical properties of materials, helping engineers and researchers understand how materials behave under tensile forces.