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Different Forms And Factors Of Abrasive Wear
2019/04/12
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Wear, It can happen on its own or be caused by contact with another surface. Abrasive wear takes place when a rough, hard surface glides across a surface that is relatively softer.Abrasion occurs when a hard surface or hard particles pass over a soft surface, causing loss of material . However, the abrasive grooves can be found on the wear tracks of the sliding friction between similar metals . It means that abrasive particles may be formed during the wear process due to work hardening, phase transformations and third body formation at the interface.
Abrasive wear has three different forms: microcuting, wedge forming and ploughing . During operation of a system, transition from one mode to another may happen and modes can act simultaneously. In the ploughing mode, a shallow groove is formed and repeated loading is necessary to form a wear particle. In the wedge forming, the wedge type of wear debris is formed. In the microcutting mode, long, curled ribbon-like particles are generated. The shape of the abrasive particle, the hardness, the load and the shear strength at the contact interface determine the state of the abrasive wear. The abrasive wear coefficients of metals are in the range of depending on the conditions, which is larger compared to adhesive wear. Thus, abrasive mode is mainly a severe type of wear.
There are several factors that influence the occurrence of abrasive wear and the way a material is removed. Various mechanisms are used to define the way the material is eliminated. The three major mechanisms related to abrasive wear are:
Fragmentation - This takes place when a certain material is separated from a façade through a cutting process. This results in indenting abrasive that can cause localized fracture within the wear material. Cracks spread freely throughout the wear, leading to further material removal.
Cutting - This occurs when a material separates from a surface in tiny chips or debris, with only minimal or no displacement to both of the groove sides. This is similar to conventional machining.
Plowing - This occurs when there is material displacement sideways, moving away from the particles of wear. This results in groove formation that does not involve removal of material. The displaced material creates ridges along the grooves that may be eliminated by consequent abrasive material passage.
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